Definition
In watchmaking, “beat” refers to the oscillatory movement of the balance wheel of the watch, which controls the release of energy from the winding mechanism, thus regulating the passage of time. Each oscillation (back and forth) of the balance wheel is considered a beat. This term is essential for understanding the operation and accuracy of a mechanical watch.
Origin
The origin of the term “beat” is related to the development of the first clock mechanisms, where the observation of pendulum movement was central. Over time, as watches evolved, the term came to refer to the oscillatory movement of the balance wheel, a crucial component in watch mechanics.
Use
The term is used to describe the frequency at which the balance wheel oscillates in mechanical watches. It is expressed in beats per hour (bph) or hertz (Hz), and is a key indicator of the watch’s accuracy. The higher the beat frequency, the generally more accurate the watch.
Examples
Watches with a high beat frequency include the Zenith El Primero, known for its high frequency of 36,000 bph (5 Hz), and the TAG Heuer Carrera Mikrograph, with an impressive frequency of 360,000 bph (50 Hz) in its chronograph.
Synonyms
Related terms include “balance frequency” and “oscillation“. Although used similarly, each has a slightly different focus within watch mechanics.
Related Terms
- Escapement: The mechanism that controls the release of energy and interacts with the balance wheel.
- Amplitude: The angle of the balance wheel’s oscillation.
- Hertz (Hz): The unit of frequency that can also be used to measure a watch’s beat.
Tips
When evaluating the accuracy of a mechanical watch, consider the beat frequency. A higher number of bph generally indicates greater accuracy, but can also result in greater wear on the parts over time.
Fun Facts
The pursuit of greater accuracy has led to the development of watches with extremely high beat frequencies. However, this also presents technical challenges, such as increased wear on parts and the need for more frequent lubrication.
